The CMCC Terminal Process
IEN 132
1 February 1980
David Flood Page
Bolt, Beranek and Newman Inc.
50 Moulton Street
Cambridge, Massachusetts 02238
(617) 491-1850
IEN 132 The ARPA CMCC Terminal Process
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2. Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.1 Control commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.1.1 Gain access control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.1.2 Start or stop reports or traps . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.1.3 Relinquish control of a gateway . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.2 Output Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.2.1 Find out reports/traps being collected/output . . . . 8
2.2.2 Output selected reports/traps . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.2.3 Close the Log File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.3 Database query commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.3.1 Give current Catenet description . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.4 Other commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.4.1 Leave the terminal process . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
3. Output Formats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
3.1 Report Outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
3.1.1 Gateway description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
3.1.2 Throughput transit matrix . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
3.1.3 Echo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
3.1.4 Status of all interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3.1.5 Routing data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3.2 Trap Outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3.2.1 Interface up/down . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
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IEN 132 The ARPA CMCC Terminal Process
3.2.2 Neighbor gateway up/down . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
3.3 Messages generated by the control process . . . . . . . 12
3.3.1 Gateway reports time out . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
3.3.2 Gateway restarts reporting . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
3.4 Other displays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
3.4.1 List reports/traps collected/enabled and output . . 12
3.4.2 Catenet description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
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IEN 132 The ARPA CMCC Terminal Process
1. Introduction
The Catenet Monitoring and Control Center (CMCC) produces a
basic information gathering system for the catenet and in
particular the catenet gateways. Among the features included are:
- multiple user access to information
- selective display of throughput and status reports from
gateways
- capability of sending specific inquiries to gateways
- limited status display of the catenet
The information gathered consists of throughput statistics,
routing information, gateway description and the up/down status of
each gateway and its interfaces.
The system consists of a control process and a number of user
terminal processes. The control process communicates directly
with the gateways, while the terminal processes communicate with
the control process. Each terminal process sends requests to the
control process to obtain information from the gateways and
displays this information when it is received and can also put the
information into a log file. In addition, the terminal processes
can be used to display information stored by the control process.
Users can make requests for gateways to start or stop sending
regular reports; to enable or disable the sending of event
messages, known as traps; and to answer single inquiries. The
regular reports consist of packet throughput statistics, routing
tables and the up/down status of all interfaces in the gateway.
Trap types include interface up or down and neighbor gateway up or
down. To avoid conflicts, the CMCC prevents more than one user at
a time from manipulating reports or traps in a gateway.
Using the report and trap information, the CMCC will maintain
a representation of the up/down status of all the gateways and
their interfaces. This representation can be displayed by a
terminal process. In addition, the CMCC will generate a terminal
alarm whenever it detects that a gateway or interface goes down or
comes back up.
The CMCC is also designed to cope with gateways that do not
implement all possible monitoring facilities. In these cases the
user will be informed that the gateway could not satisfy the
information request.
The document describes the use of the Monitoring terminal
process as it is currently implemented. It is currently a basic
information gathering and displaying process, and by and large the
information gathered is only that which the Satnet gateways will
provide. New features will be added, and the user interface made
more sophisticated, as time goes on. At the moment there is no
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IEN 132 The ARPA CMCC Terminal Process
on-line 'help' facility, so you will need this document with you
when you start to use the terminal process.
Background information can be found in IEN 105, "ARPA Catenet
Monitoring and Control", and IEN 131, "Gateway Monitoring
Protocol", describes the message formats used for communicating
with the gateways.
2. Commands
Commands fall into four categories:
- Commands to send messages to the gateways (control commands).
- Commands to control the output of messages received from the
gateways (output commands).
- Commands to interrogate the CMCC's internal database
(database commands).
- Other commands (miscellaneous).
Information sent by the gateways is considered to be either a
report or a trap. A report gives the current value of some data,
such as throughput counts, in the gateway; a trap is a message
announcing some event in the gateway, such as a network interface
going down.
The report types available are:
- Gateway description
- Echo
- Throughput counts
- Status of all interfaces
- Routing table
and the trap types are:
- Interface up/down
- Neighbor gateway up/down
These are explained more fully in IEN 131.
In the following command format descriptions, square brackets
denote an optional entry, and curly brackets indicate a list from
which at least one item must be chosen. Commands may be
abbreviated as long as they are still unique; however, spelling
errors are not allowed, even if the command has already been
uniquely specified before the error was made. The minimum
abbreviations are in capitals. A word or phrase enclosed in
angle brackets indicates a variable whose name is to be supplied,
for example <gateway name>. Words not contained in angle brackets
and having no capitals are noise words and may be omitted.
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IEN 132 The ARPA CMCC Terminal Process
Command input is terminated by a carriage return. Delete and
control-A will delete a single character and control-U will delete
an entire command. Errors in command input cause self-explanatory
error messages to appear, for example BAD GATEWAY NAME. After an
error message, all characters (including editing characters) up to
the next carriage return are ignored.
2.1 Control commands
These are the commands concerned with obtaining reports and
traps from the gateways. In order to start and stop regular
reports, or enable or disable traps, a terminal process must have
access control of the gateways affected. This access control is
an internal software lock and is not anything that the gateways
know about. A terminal process may directly request a single
report from a gateway whether it has access control of that
gateway or not. These requests go through the control process,
and it is the control process which actually sends the request to
the gateway.
2.1.1 Gain access control
The command
Gain <gateway name>
attempts to gain access control of a gateway. If no other
terminal process has control of the gateway, then the reply
<gateway name> - OK
is given. If another terminal process does have control, then the
reply
<gateway name> ALREADY CONTROLLED BY <user name>
will appear.
Examples:
BBN - OK
and
UCL ALREADY CONTROLLED BY UKSAT
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IEN 132 The ARPA CMCC Terminal Process
2.1.2 Start or stop reports or traps
The general form of a control command is:
[NO] {REPort<report>} from{ALL } [{<n> }][At <m>]
type {<gateway>} {Indefinite}
name
[NO] {Trap <trap >} from{ALL }
type {<gateway>}
name
The NO option turns off a report, or disables a trap.
<report type> is one of:
Description (type 0)
ECho (1)
Thruput (2)
Allints (3)
Routing (7)
and <trap type> is a selection from:
Interface (type 1)
Neighbor (2)
Report types 4-6 and trap type 3, which are mentioned in the
Gateway Monitoring Protocol document, are not implemented yet.
The "from{ALL }"
{<gateway name>}
option defines the gateways affected. A gateway name is an
identifier of up to 15 characters. Gateway names may be
abbreviated.
<n>
Indefinite
defines the number of times the gateway is to produce the report.
The default is 1. Indefinite means until further notice, i.e.
until a NO REPort command is issued.
At <m>
defines the reporting interval. The default is 60 seconds.
Example:
REPort Thruput from UCL 25 At 60
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IEN 132 The ARPA CMCC Terminal Process
turns on a regular report, and
NO Trap Interface from BBN
disables a trap.
If the terminal process does not have access control of a
gateway, then a commands starting with NO, or containing
parameters specifying a number of reports or reporting interval,
will cause the message
<gateway name> NOT CONTROLLED
to be output, and the command will be ignored.
The terminal process reports any format errors in the
commands by self-explanatory error messages, for example BAD TRAP
TYPE. It also reports on the results of the requests by messages
of the form:
<gateway name>{WILL}<report/trap type(s)>
{WONT} [ - TIMED OUT]
"TIMED OUT" will appear if no response at all was obtained
from the gateway. The control process tries to obtain a response
up to three times at 30 second intervals before causing this
message to appear.
2.1.3 Relinquish control of a gateway
To relinquish control of gateways, the command
RELease {<gateway name>}
{ALL }
is entered. The monitor responds with
<gateway name> - RELEASED
This is to allow other users to have access control of the
gateway. The Quit command (see below) also releases all gateways
currently controlled by the terminal process.
2.2 Output Commands
The output commands are concerned with the information that
appears on a terminal, or is output to the log file. The commands
available are as follows:
- Find out which reports/traps are collected/enabled.
- Find out which reports/traps are being output.
- Output selected reports/traps for selected gateways.
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IEN 132 The ARPA CMCC Terminal Process
The display outputs corresponding to the commands are given in
section 3.
2.2.1 Find out reports/traps being collected/output
Which {Reports} {Collected}
{Traps } {Displayed}
{Logged }
The response to this command is described in section 3.4.1.
2.2.2 Output selected reports/traps
[NO]{Display}{<report type>}[from{ALL }]
{Log }{<trap type>} {<gateway name>}
where <report type> and <trap type> are named as in the REPort
command, above and the
"from {ALL }"
{<gateway name>}
option indicates the relevant gateways, as in the REPort command.
If there is no log file open, then a Log command opens a file
called 'CMCC_LOG.<date>', where <date> is of the form 22-MAR-80.
A NO Log comand leaves the log file open, even if the result of
the command is that nothing is being logged; closing of the log
file is done by a separate command (see below).
Examples:
Display Thruput from ALL
NO Log INTerface from UCL
2.2.3 Close the Log File
A "NO Log" command turns off logging for the specified report
type/gateway combination, but leaves the log file open. The
command
UNLog
turns off all logging and closes the log file.
2.3 Database query commands
Currently there is only one of these.
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IEN 132 The ARPA CMCC Terminal Process
2.3.1 Give current Catenet description
The command is
Catenet
and it gives a display of the gateway connections to each network,
and the status of those connections. See display 3.4.2.
2.4 Other commands
Currently there is only one of these, too.
2.4.1 Leave the terminal process
The command is
Quit
and it releases any controlled gateways before displaying
STOPPING...
and halting the process. Terminating the process with a control-C
will not release controlled gateways and is therefore inadvisable.
There is a separate command to release gateways without halting;
see section 2.1.3.
3. Output Formats
There are the following output types:
- Outputs for reports and traps.
- Outputs for messages generated by the control process.
- Database query displays.
Each output is preceded by the time expressed as four digits
(hhmm). Any output except the database displays may appear either
in the log file or on the terminal or both, depending on the
output commands that have been entered. The information is
presented in the same format in both cases.
3.1 Report Outputs
In the following descriptions, <internet address> is the four
bytes of an internet address, expressed in decimal, and separated
by commas. A <gateway name> may be a character identifier
followed by a slash and a network number, for example "BBN/4", or
an <internet address>.
Each report has a <sequence number> field of the form # 50.
For regular reports this is the sequence number of the report;
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IEN 132 The ARPA CMCC Terminal Process
for a single report it is the report identification number
assigned to the request by the control process.
3.1.1 Gateway description
<gateway name > <sequence number> GATEWAY DESCRIPTION:
INTERFACES:
<internet address>,...
NEIGHBORS:
<gateway name>,...
where the "interfaces" list gives the internet address of each of
the gateway's interfaces. These are ordered in the same way as in
the reports.
Example:
RSRE # 0 GATEWAY DESCRIPTION:
INTERFACES:
11,3,2,42; 25,6,0,0;
NEIGHBORS:
UCL/11
3.1.2 Throughput transit matrix
<gateway name> <sequence number> THROUGHPUT COUNTS:
TO \ FROM <net name> <net name> DROPPED
<net name> <count> <count> <count>
<net name> <count> <count> <count>
The counts are cumulative counts.
Example:
BBN # 50 THROUGHPUT COUNTS:
TO \ FROM SATNET ARPANET DROPPED
SATNET 1 123 5
ARPANET 13 4 1
3.1.3 Echo
The report is
<gateway name> <sequence number> ECHO HEARD
Example:
NDRE # 4 ECHO HEARD
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IEN 132 The ARPA CMCC Terminal Process
3.1.4 Status of all interfaces
<gateway name><sequence number> INTERFACE TO <net name> {UP },..
{DOWN},
for as many network interfaces as necessary.
Example:
COMSAT # 26 INTERFACE TO SATNET UP, COMSAT-NET DOWN
3.1.5 Routing data
<gateway name> <sequence number> ROUTING TABLE:
NETWORK DISTANCE GATEWAYS
NUMBER
<net> <hop count> <gateway name>, <gateway name>,...
This gives, for the gateway, the minimum distance to each
network plus a list of the neighbor gateway(s) on the minimum
distance path(s). If the gateway is known to the CMCC, then the
<gateway name> will be the name, otherwise it will be expressed as
an <internet address>.
Example:
BBN # 50 ROUTING TABLE:
NETWORK DISTANCE GATEWAYS
NUMBER
1 2 10,0,0,38;
4 0
11 1 UCL/4
3.2 Trap Outputs
There is one output type for each trap type. There is
nothing in a trap message corresponding to the <sequence number>
in a report.
3.2.1 Interface up/down
<gateway name> TRAP MESSAGE: INTERFACE TO <net> {UP }
{DOWN}
Example:
BBN TRAP MESSAGE: INTERFACE TO SATNET DOWN
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IEN 132 The ARPA CMCC Terminal Process
3.2.2 Neighbor gateway up/down
<gateway name> TRAP MESSAGE: <Internet address> {UP }
{DOWN}
Example:
NDRE TRAP MESSAGE: 10,0,0,38; DOWN
3.3 Messages generated by the control process
These messages are to do with gateway reports timing out, and
coming back up again.
3.3.1 Gateway reports time out
<gateway name> NOT REPORTING.
This will be issued if the gateway reports have not been
received for three minutes.
3.3.2 Gateway restarts reporting
<gateway name> REPORTING AGAIN.
This is issued as soon as a message is received from a
gateway that has timed out.
3.4 Other displays
These are the displays which show information stored at the
monitoring center.
3.4.1 List reports/traps collected/enabled and output
<report type list> from <gateway name>
<trap type list> from <gateway name>
These are produced in response to a "Which"... command, as
appropriate. See section 2.2.1.
Examples:
THRUPUT, ALLINTS FROM BBN
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IEN 132 The ARPA CMCC Terminal Process
3.4.2 Catenet description
The display is a matrix showing for each gateway the status
or existence of its connections to each network. If a gateway is
connected to a network then the matrix entry consists of two
counts, being the number of interfaces to the network which are
up, and down. If there is no connection to a network then the
entry is a period.
<net> <net> <net>
<gateway> { UP } . .
{DOWN}
<gateway> - GATEWAY DOWN -
and so on for all gateways. The "- GATEWAY DOWN -" display means
that no regular report has been received from the gateway within
the last three minutes.
Example:
ARPANET SATNET UCLNET
UCL . UP DOWN
BBN UP UP .
NDRE - GATEWAY DOWN -
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