SDL 2.0
SDL_atomic.h File Reference
#include "SDL_stdinc.h"
#include "SDL_platform.h"
#include "begin_code.h"
#include "close_code.h"
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Data Structures

struct  SDL_atomic_t
 A type representing an atomic integer value. It is a struct so people don't accidentally use numeric operations on it. More...
 

SDL AtomicLock

The atomic locks are efficient spinlocks using CPU instructions, but are vulnerable to starvation and can spin forever if a thread holding a lock has been terminated. For this reason you should minimize the code executed inside an atomic lock and never do expensive things like API or system calls while holding them.

The atomic locks are not safe to lock recursively.

Porting Note: The spin lock functions and type are required and can not be emulated because they are used in the atomic emulation code.

#define SDL_CompilerBarrier()   { SDL_SpinLock _tmp = 0; SDL_AtomicLock(&_tmp); SDL_AtomicUnlock(&_tmp); }
 
#define SDL_MemoryBarrierRelease()   SDL_CompilerBarrier()
 
#define SDL_MemoryBarrierAcquire()   SDL_CompilerBarrier()
 
#define SDL_CPUPauseInstruction()
 
#define SDL_AtomicIncRef(a)   SDL_AtomicAdd(a, 1)
 Increment an atomic variable used as a reference count.
 
#define SDL_AtomicDecRef(a)   (SDL_AtomicAdd(a, -1) == 1)
 Decrement an atomic variable used as a reference count.
 
typedef int SDL_SpinLock
 
SDL_bool SDL_AtomicTryLock (SDL_SpinLock *lock)
 
void SDL_AtomicLock (SDL_SpinLock *lock)
 
void SDL_AtomicUnlock (SDL_SpinLock *lock)
 
void SDL_MemoryBarrierReleaseFunction (void)
 
void SDL_MemoryBarrierAcquireFunction (void)
 
SDL_bool SDL_AtomicCAS (SDL_atomic_t *a, int oldval, int newval)
 
int SDL_AtomicSet (SDL_atomic_t *a, int v)
 
int SDL_AtomicGet (SDL_atomic_t *a)
 
int SDL_AtomicAdd (SDL_atomic_t *a, int v)
 
SDL_bool SDL_AtomicCASPtr (void **a, void *oldval, void *newval)
 
void * SDL_AtomicSetPtr (void **a, void *v)
 
void * SDL_AtomicGetPtr (void **a)
 

Detailed Description

Atomic operations.

IMPORTANT: If you are not an expert in concurrent lockless programming, you should only be using the atomic lock and reference counting functions in this file. In all other cases you should be protecting your data structures with full mutexes.

The list of "safe" functions to use are: SDL_AtomicLock() SDL_AtomicUnlock() SDL_AtomicIncRef() SDL_AtomicDecRef()

Seriously, here be dragons! ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

You can find out a little more about lockless programming and the subtle issues that can arise here: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee418650%28v=vs.85%29.aspx

There's also lots of good information here: http://www.1024cores.net/home/lock-free-algorithms http://preshing.com/

These operations may or may not actually be implemented using processor specific atomic operations. When possible they are implemented as true processor specific atomic operations. When that is not possible the are implemented using locks that do use the available atomic operations.

All of the atomic operations that modify memory are full memory barriers.

Definition in file SDL_atomic.h.

Macro Definition Documentation

◆ SDL_AtomicDecRef

#define SDL_AtomicDecRef (   a)    (SDL_AtomicAdd(a, -1) == 1)

Decrement an atomic variable used as a reference count.

Returns
SDL_TRUE if the variable reached zero after decrementing, SDL_FALSE otherwise

Definition at line 350 of file SDL_atomic.h.

◆ SDL_AtomicIncRef

#define SDL_AtomicIncRef (   a)    SDL_AtomicAdd(a, 1)

Increment an atomic variable used as a reference count.

Definition at line 340 of file SDL_atomic.h.

◆ SDL_CompilerBarrier

#define SDL_CompilerBarrier ( )    { SDL_SpinLock _tmp = 0; SDL_AtomicLock(&_tmp); SDL_AtomicUnlock(&_tmp); }

The compiler barrier prevents the compiler from reordering reads and writes to globally visible variables across the call.

Definition at line 158 of file SDL_atomic.h.

◆ SDL_CPUPauseInstruction

#define SDL_CPUPauseInstruction ( )

Definition at line 255 of file SDL_atomic.h.

◆ SDL_MemoryBarrierAcquire

#define SDL_MemoryBarrierAcquire ( )    SDL_CompilerBarrier()

Definition at line 236 of file SDL_atomic.h.

◆ SDL_MemoryBarrierRelease

#define SDL_MemoryBarrierRelease ( )    SDL_CompilerBarrier()

Definition at line 235 of file SDL_atomic.h.

Typedef Documentation

◆ SDL_SpinLock

typedef int SDL_SpinLock

Definition at line 89 of file SDL_atomic.h.

Function Documentation

◆ SDL_AtomicAdd()

int SDL_AtomicAdd ( SDL_atomic_t a,
int  v 
)

Add to an atomic variable.

This function also acts as a full memory barrier.

Note: If you don't know what this function is for, you shouldn't use it!

Parameters
aa pointer to an SDL_atomic_t variable to be modified
vthe desired value to add
Returns
the previous value of the atomic variable.
Since
This function is available since SDL 2.0.2.
See also
SDL_AtomicDecRef
SDL_AtomicIncRef

◆ SDL_AtomicCAS()

SDL_bool SDL_AtomicCAS ( SDL_atomic_t a,
int  oldval,
int  newval 
)

Set an atomic variable to a new value if it is currently an old value.

Note: If you don't know what this function is for, you shouldn't use it!

Parameters
aa pointer to an SDL_atomic_t variable to be modified
oldvalthe old value
newvalthe new value
Returns
SDL_TRUE if the atomic variable was set, SDL_FALSE otherwise.
Since
This function is available since SDL 2.0.0.
See also
SDL_AtomicCASPtr
SDL_AtomicGet
SDL_AtomicSet

◆ SDL_AtomicCASPtr()

SDL_bool SDL_AtomicCASPtr ( void **  a,
void *  oldval,
void *  newval 
)

Set a pointer to a new value if it is currently an old value.

Note: If you don't know what this function is for, you shouldn't use it!

Parameters
aa pointer to a pointer
oldvalthe old pointer value
newvalthe new pointer value
Returns
SDL_TRUE if the pointer was set, SDL_FALSE otherwise.
Since
This function is available since SDL 2.0.0.
See also
SDL_AtomicCAS
SDL_AtomicGetPtr
SDL_AtomicSetPtr

◆ SDL_AtomicGet()

int SDL_AtomicGet ( SDL_atomic_t a)

Get the value of an atomic variable.

Note: If you don't know what this function is for, you shouldn't use it!

Parameters
aa pointer to an SDL_atomic_t variable
Returns
the current value of an atomic variable.
Since
This function is available since SDL 2.0.2.
See also
SDL_AtomicSet

◆ SDL_AtomicGetPtr()

void * SDL_AtomicGetPtr ( void **  a)

Get the value of a pointer atomically.

Note: If you don't know what this function is for, you shouldn't use it!

Parameters
aa pointer to a pointer
Returns
the current value of a pointer.
Since
This function is available since SDL 2.0.2.
See also
SDL_AtomicCASPtr
SDL_AtomicSetPtr

◆ SDL_AtomicLock()

void SDL_AtomicLock ( SDL_SpinLock lock)

Lock a spin lock by setting it to a non-zero value.

Please note that spinlocks are dangerous if you don't know what you're doing. Please be careful using any sort of spinlock!

Parameters
locka pointer to a lock variable
Since
This function is available since SDL 2.0.0.
See also
SDL_AtomicTryLock
SDL_AtomicUnlock

◆ SDL_AtomicSet()

int SDL_AtomicSet ( SDL_atomic_t a,
int  v 
)

Set an atomic variable to a value.

This function also acts as a full memory barrier.

Note: If you don't know what this function is for, you shouldn't use it!

Parameters
aa pointer to an SDL_atomic_t variable to be modified
vthe desired value
Returns
the previous value of the atomic variable.
Since
This function is available since SDL 2.0.2.
See also
SDL_AtomicGet

◆ SDL_AtomicSetPtr()

void * SDL_AtomicSetPtr ( void **  a,
void *  v 
)

Set a pointer to a value atomically.

Note: If you don't know what this function is for, you shouldn't use it!

Parameters
aa pointer to a pointer
vthe desired pointer value
Returns
the previous value of the pointer.
Since
This function is available since SDL 2.0.2.
See also
SDL_AtomicCASPtr
SDL_AtomicGetPtr

◆ SDL_AtomicTryLock()

SDL_bool SDL_AtomicTryLock ( SDL_SpinLock lock)

Try to lock a spin lock by setting it to a non-zero value.

Please note that spinlocks are dangerous if you don't know what you're doing. Please be careful using any sort of spinlock!

Parameters
locka pointer to a lock variable
Returns
SDL_TRUE if the lock succeeded, SDL_FALSE if the lock is already held.
Since
This function is available since SDL 2.0.0.
See also
SDL_AtomicLock
SDL_AtomicUnlock

◆ SDL_AtomicUnlock()

void SDL_AtomicUnlock ( SDL_SpinLock lock)

Unlock a spin lock by setting it to 0.

Always returns immediately.

Please note that spinlocks are dangerous if you don't know what you're doing. Please be careful using any sort of spinlock!

Parameters
locka pointer to a lock variable
Since
This function is available since SDL 2.0.0.
See also
SDL_AtomicLock
SDL_AtomicTryLock

◆ SDL_MemoryBarrierAcquireFunction()

void SDL_MemoryBarrierAcquireFunction ( void  )

◆ SDL_MemoryBarrierReleaseFunction()

void SDL_MemoryBarrierReleaseFunction ( void  )

Memory barriers are designed to prevent reads and writes from being reordered by the compiler and being seen out of order on multi-core CPUs.

A typical pattern would be for thread A to write some data and a flag, and for thread B to read the flag and get the data. In this case you would insert a release barrier between writing the data and the flag, guaranteeing that the data write completes no later than the flag is written, and you would insert an acquire barrier between reading the flag and reading the data, to ensure that all the reads associated with the flag have completed.

In this pattern you should always see a release barrier paired with an acquire barrier and you should gate the data reads/writes with a single flag variable.

For more information on these semantics, take a look at the blog post: http://preshing.com/20120913/acquire-and-release-semantics

Since
This function is available since SDL 2.0.6.