add alpha level to color that lacks one

Description

add alpha level to color that lacks one

Usage

AddAlpha(plotclr, alpha = 0.5, verbose = 0)

Arguments

Value

modified color with alpha value

Author(s)

Markus Loecher

Examples

#example: 


#require(RColorBrewer)


if (requireNamespace("RColorBrewer", quietly = TRUE)) {


  plotclr <- RColorBrewer::brewer.pal(8,"YlOrRd")


  plotclr = AddAlpha(plotclr,0.5)


} else {


  print("package RColorBrewer must be installed for this example")


}

Plot Levels of a Variable in a Colour-Coded Map

Description

Plot Levels of a Variable in a Colour-Coded Map

Usage

ColorMap(values, map = NULL, polys = NULL, log = FALSE, 


    nclr = 7, include.legend = list(TRUE), round = 3, 


    brks = NULL, legend = NULL, location = "topright", 


    rev = FALSE, alpha = 0.5, GRAY = FALSE, palette = c("YlOrRd", 


        "RdYlGn", "Spectral")[1], textInPolys = NULL, 


    ...)

Arguments

Author(s)

Markus Loecher

Examples

  if (0){


    data("NYleukemia", envir = environment())


    population <- NYleukemia$data$population


    cases <- NYleukemia$data$cases


    mapNY <- GetMap(center=c(lat=42.67456,lon=-76.00365), destfile = "NYstate.png", 


                    maptype = "mobile", zoom=9)


    ColorMap(100*cases/population, mapNY, NYleukemia$spatial.polygon, add = FALSE,


             alpha = 0.35, log = TRUE, location = "topleft")


}


  #ColorMap(100*cases/population, map=NULL, NYleukemia$spatial.polygon)


  

download a static map from the Microsoft map tile server

Description

Query the Google server for a static map tile, defined primarily by its

center and zoom. Many additional arguments allow the user to customize

the map tile.

Usage

GetBingMap(center = c(lat = 42, lon = -76), mapArea = c(45.219, 


    -122.325, 47.61, -122.107), size = c(640, 640), 


    destfile, zoom = 12, markers, path = "", maptype = c("Road", 


        "Aerial", "AerialWithLabels")[1], format = c("png", 


        "gif", "jpg", "jpg-baseline", "png8", "png32")[1], 


    extraURL = "", RETURNIMAGE = TRUE, GRAYSCALE = FALSE, 


    NEWMAP = TRUE, SCALE = 1, apiKey = NULL, verbose = 0)

Arguments

Value

map structure or URL used to download the tile.

Note

Note that size is in order (lon, lat)

Author(s)

Markus Loecher

See Also

GetMap.bbox

Examples

if (0){


  #for bing maps you will need your own API key, 


  #sign up at https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ff428642.aspx


  apiKey = scan("bingAPIkey.txt",what="")


  map1=GetBingMap(center=c(47.619048,-122.35384),zoom=15,apiKey=apiKey, 


                  verbose=1, destfile="Seattle.png") 


  PlotOnStaticMap(map1)


  m="&pp=47.620495,-122.34931;21;AA&pp=47.619385,-122.351485;;AB&pp=47.616295,-122.3556;22"


  map2=GetBingMap(center=c(47.619048,-122.35384),zoom=15,markers=m,apiKey=apiKey, 


                  verbose=1, destfile="Seattle2.png")


  


  PlotOnStaticMap(map2,lat=c(47.620495,47.619385,47.616295),


                  lon=c(-122.34931,-122.351485,-122.3556))


  	


  m="&pp=49.28273,-123.12074;22&pp=44.05207,-123.08675;22"


  


  map3= GetBingMap(center=c(47.677006,-122.125526),zoom=6,markers=m,apiKey=apiKey,


                   verbose=1, destfile="Seattle2.png")


  #plotmap(map=map3)


  m=cbind.data.frame(lat=c(49.28273,44.05207),lon=c(-123.12074,-123.08675),col=c(3:4))


  PlotOnStaticMap(map3, lat =m$lat,lon=m$lon,col=m$col,pch=19)


  


  #overlay traffic:


  #Get a map with Road imagery and traffic flow based on a query.


  #This example gets a map with road imagery based on a query result Bellevue, Washington. 


  #Traffic flow is also included on the map.


  


  #http://dev.virtualearth.net/REST/V1/Imagery/Map/Road/Bellevue%20Washington


  #?mapLayer=TrafficFlow&key=BingMapsKey


  #note that we are using the extraURL argument to pass any extra parameters:


  map4 = GetBingMap(center="Bellevue%20Washington", zoom=12, extraURL="&mapLayer=TrafficFlow", 


                    apiKey=apiKey,verbose=1, destfile="BellevueTraffic.png")


  PlotOnStaticMap(map4)


  


  #Get a map with Road imagery that displays a route.


  #This example gets a map with road imagery that displays a driving 


  #route between the cities of Seattle and Redmond in Washington State. 


  


  #note that we are using the extraURL argument to pass any extra parameters:


  #http://dev.virtualearth.net/REST/v1/Imagery/Map/Road/Routes


  #?wp.0=Seattle,WA;64;1&wp.1=Redmond,WA;66;2&key=BingMapsKey 


  map5 = GetBingMap(center="Bellevue%20Washington", zoom=8, 


                    extraURL="&Routes?wp.0=Seattle,WA;64;1&wp.1=Redmond,WA;66;2", 


                  apiKey=apiKey,verbose=1, destfile="Seattle2Redmond.png")


  PlotOnStaticMap(map5)


}

download a static map from the Google server

Description

Query the Google server for a static map tile, defined primarily by its

center and zoom. Many additional arguments allow the user to customize

the map tile.

documentation at https://developers.google.com/maps/documentation/staticmaps/

Usage

GetMap(center = c(lat = 42, lon = -76), size = c(640, 


    640), destfile = tempfile("staticMap", fileext = ".png"), 


    zoom = 12, markers, path = "", span, frame, hl, 


    sensor = "true", maptype = c("roadmap", "mobile", 


        "satellite", "terrain", "hybrid", "mapmaker-roadmap", 


        "mapmaker-hybrid")[2], format = c("gif", "jpg", 


        "jpg-baseline", "png8", "png32")[5], extraURL = "", 


    RETURNIMAGE = TRUE, GRAYSCALE = FALSE, NEWMAP = TRUE, 


    SCALE = 1, API_console_key, type = c("google", 


        "google-m", "google-s", "osm", "osm-hot", "stamen-toner", 


        "stamen-terrain", "stamen-watercolor")[1], 


    urlBase = "http://mt1.google.com/vt/lyrs=m", tileDir = "/tmp/", 


    verbose = 0)

Arguments

Value

map structure or URL used to download the tile.

Note

Note that size is in order (lon, lat)

Author(s)

Markus Loecher

See Also

GetMap.bbox

Examples

if (0){#takes too long to run for CRAN check


  


  lat = c(40.702147,40.718217,40.711614);


  lon = c(-74.012318,-74.015794,-73.998284);


  center = c(mean(lat), mean(lon));


  zoom <- min(MaxZoom(range(lat), range(lon)));


  #this overhead is taken care of implicitly by GetMap.bbox(); 


  markers = paste0("&markers=color:blue|label:S|40.702147,-74.015794&markers=color:",


                   "green|label:G|40.711614,-74.012318&markers=color:red|color:red|",


                   "label:C|40.718217,-73.998284")


  myMap <- GetMap(center=center, zoom=zoom,markers=markers);


  #Note that in the presence of markers one often needs to add some extra padding to the 


  #latitude range to accomodate the extent of the top most marker


  


  #add a path, i.e. polyline:


  myMap <- GetMap(center=center, zoom=zoom,


                  path = paste0("&path=color:0x0000ff|weight:5|40.737102,-73.990318|",


                  "40.749825,-73.987963|40.752946,-73.987384|40.755823,-73.986397"));


  #use implicit geo coding 


  BrooklynMap <- GetMap(center="Brooklyn", zoom=13)


  PlotOnStaticMap(BrooklynMap)


  


  #use implicit geo coding and display labels in Korean:


  BrooklynMap <- GetMap(center="Brooklyn", zoom=13, hl="ko")


  PlotOnStaticMap(BrooklynMap)


  


  #no highways


  ManHatMap <- GetMap(center="Lower Manhattan", zoom=14, 


                      extraURL="&style=feature:road.highway|visibility:off",


                      destfile = "LowerManhattan.png")


  PlotOnStaticMap(ManHatMap)


  


  #reload the map without a new download:


  ManHatMap <- GetMap(destfile = "LowerManhattan.png",NEWMAP=FALSE)


  PlotOnStaticMap(ManHatMap)





  #The example below defines a polygonal area within Manhattan, passed a series of 


  #intersections as locations:


  #myMap <- GetMap(path = paste0("&path=color:0x00000000|weight:5|fillcolor:0xFFFF0033|",


  #          "8th+Avenue+%26+34th+St,New+York,NY|8th+Avenue+%26+42nd+St,New+York,NY|",


  #          "Park+Ave+%26+42nd+St,New+York,NY,NY|Park+Ave+%26+34th+St,New+York,NY,NY"),


  #            destfile = "MyTile3a.png");


  


  #note that since the path string is just appended to the URL you can "abuse" the path 


  #argument to pass anything to the query, e.g. the style parameter:


  #The following example displays a map of Brooklyn where local roads have been changed 


  #to bright green and the residential areas have been changed to black:


  # myMap <- GetMap(center="Brooklyn", zoom=12, maptype = "roadmap", 


  #path = paste0("&style=feature:road.local|element:geometry|hue:0x00ff00|",


  #        "saturation:100&style=feature:landscape|element:geometry|lightness:-100"),


  #        sensor='false', destfile = "MyTile4.png",  RETURNIMAGE = FALSE);


  


  #In the last example we set RETURNIMAGE to FALSE which is a useful feature in general


  #if png is not installed. In that cases, the images can still be fetched 


  #and saved but not read into R.


  


  #In the following example we let the Static Maps API determine the correct center and 


  #zoom level implicitly, based on evaluation of the position of the markers. 


  #However, to be of use within R we do need to know the values for zoom and 


  #center explicitly, so it is better practice to compute them ourselves and 


  #pass them as arguments, in which case meta information on the map tile can be saved as well.


  


  #myMap <- GetMap(markers = paste0("&markers=color:blue|label:S|40.702147,-74.015794&",


  #          "markers=color:green|label:G|40.711614,-74.012318&markers=color:red|",


  #          "color:red|label:C|40.718217,-73.998284"), 


  #           destfile = "MyTile1.png",  RETURNIMAGE = FALSE);


}

GetMap bbox

Description

Wrapper function for GetMap. Query the Google server for a static map tile, defined primarily by its lat/lon range and/or center and/or zoom.

Multiple additional arguments allow the user to customize the map tile.

Usage

GetMap.bbox(lonR, latR, center, size = c(640, 640), 


    destfile = "MyTile.png", MINIMUMSIZE = FALSE, RETURNIMAGE = TRUE, 


    GRAYSCALE = FALSE, NEWMAP = TRUE, zoom, verbose = 0, 


    SCALE = 1, type = c("google", "google-m", "google-s", 


        "osm", "osm-hot", "stamen-toner", "stamen-terrain", 


        "stamen-watercolor")[1], urlBase = "http://mt1.google.com/vt/lyrs=m", 


    tileDir = "/tmp/", ...)

Arguments

Value

map tile

Author(s)

Markus Loecher

Examples

 if (0){


 	mymarkers <- cbind.data.frame(lat = c(38.898648,38.889112, 38.880940), 


          lon = c(-77.037692, -77.050273, -77.03660), size =  c('tiny','tiny','tiny'), 


          col = c('blue', 'green', 'red'), char = c('','',''));





	##get the bounding box:


  	bb <- qbbox(lat = mymarkers[,"lat"], lon = mymarkers[,"lon"]);


  


	##download the map:


  	MyMap <- GetMap.bbox(bb$lonR, bb$latR, destfile = "DC.png", GRAYSCALE =TRUE,


                markers = mymarkers);


 	##The function qbbox() basically computes a bounding box for the given lat,lon 


   #points with a few additional options such as quantile boxes, additional buffers, etc.  


  	bb <- qbbox(c(40.702147,40.711614,40.718217),c(-74.015794,-74.012318,-73.998284), 


            TYPE = "all", margin = list(m=rep(5,4), TYPE = c("perc", "abs")[1]));


 	##download the map:           


	MyMap <- GetMap.bbox(bb$lonR, bb$latR,destfile = "MyTile3.png", maptype = "satellite") 





}

download map tiles from specified map tile servers such as openstreetmap or Google

Description

Query the server for map tiles, defined uniquely by their

X and Y ID and zoom. For offline usage, these map tiles are stored in a local directory

Example OSM:http://a.tile.openstreetmap.org/10/549/335.png

Also see https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Tile_servers

Example Google mobile: http://mt1.google.com/vt/lyrs=m&x=1325&y=3143&z=13

Example Google satellite: http://mt1.google.com/vt/lyrs=s&x=1325&y=3143&z=13

Usage

GetMapTiles(center = c(lat = 52.431635, lon = 13.194773), 


    lonR, latR, nTiles = c(3, 3), zoom = 13, type = c("google", 


        "google-m", "google-s", "osm", "osm-hot", "stamen-toner", 


        "stamen-terrain", "stamen-watercolor")[1], 


    urlBase = "http://mt1.google.com/vt/lyrs=m", tileDir = "/tmp/", 


    CheckExistingFiles = TRUE, TotalSleep = NULL, tileExt = ".png", 


    returnTiles = TRUE, verbose = 0)

Arguments

Value

list with important information

Note

Note that size is in order (lon, lat)

Author(s)

Markus Loecher

See Also

GetMap.bbox

Examples

if (0){


  


  #OSM, Ireland


  xlim = c(-7, -3.5) 


  ylim = c(51.35, 55.35)


  Dublin = c(lon=-6.266155,lat=53.350140)


  DublinMerc = geosphere_mercator(Dublin)


  


  ir.osm <- GetMapTiles(lonR=xlim, latR=ylim, zoom=7, verbose=1,


                        type = "osm", tileDir= TRUE)


  map = plotOSM(ir.osm)


  par("usr")#A vector of the form c(x1, x2, y1, y2)


  points(map$bbox$upperLeft,col=2,pch=20)


  points(map$bbox$lowerRight,col=2,pch=20)


  


  points(DublinMerc, col =2, pch=1,cex=1.5)


  


  ir.stamenToner <- GetMapTiles(lonR=xlim, latR=ylim, zoom=7,verbose=0,


                                type = "stamen", tileDir= TRUE)


  plotOSM(ir.stamenToner)


  


  ir.stamenWater <- GetMapTiles(lonR=xlim, latR=ylim, zoom=7, verbose=1,


                                type = "stamen-watercolor", tileDir= TRUE)


  plotOSM(ir.stamenWater)


 


  


  #############################################


  zoom=5


  nTiles = prod(NumTiles(lonR=c(-135,-66), latR=c(25,54) , zoom=zoom))


  us_google_5 = GetMapTiles(lonR=c(-135,-66), latR=c(25,54) , zoom=zoom, TotalSleep = 2*nTiles,


              type = "google", tileDir= TRUE, verbose = TRUE)


  


  PlotOnMapTiles(us_google_5)


  wtc_ll = getGeoCode("World Trade Center, NY")


  wtc_google_15=GetMapTiles(wtc_ll, zoom=15,nTiles = c(3,3), type = "google", 


                            tileDir= TRUE, verbose = 1)


  PlotOnMapTiles(wtc_google_15)


  wtc_google_16 =GetMapTiles(wtc_ll, zoom=16,nTiles = c(4,4), type = "google", 


                             tileDir= TRUE, verbose=1)


  PlotOnMapTiles(wtc_google_16)








  wtc_stamen=GetMapTiles(wtc_ll, zoom=15,nTiles = c(3,3), verbose=1,


                  type = "stamen-toner", tileDir= TRUE)


  PlotOnMapTiles(wtc_stamen)











###combine with leaflet:


#From:http://stackoverflow.com/questions/5050851/


#     best-lightweight-web-server-only-static-content-for-windows


#To use Python as a simple web server just change your working 


#directory to the folder with your static content and type 


#python -m SimpleHTTPServer 8000, everything in the directory


#will be available at http:/localhost:8000/


  


library(leaflet)


m = leaflet::leaflet() %>% 


  addTiles( urlTemplate = "http:/localhost:8000/mapTiles/OSM/{z}_{x}_{y}.png")


m = leaflet::leaflet() %>% 


  addTiles( urlTemplate = "http:/localhost:8000/mapTiles/Google/{z}_{x}_{y}.png")


m = m %>% leaflet::setView(-74.01312, 40.71180, zoom = 16)


m = m %>% leaflet::addMarkers(-74.01312, 40.71180)





#Quadriga:


m = m %>% leaflet::setView(13.39780, 52.51534, zoom = 16)


m = m %>% leaflet::addMarkers(13.39780, 52.51534)


}

Query the Open Street Map server for map tiles instead of Google Maps

Description

The querying parameters for Open Street Maps are somewhat different in this version.

Instead of a zoom, center and size, the user supplies a scale parameter and a lat/lon bounding box.

The scale determines the image size.

Usage

GetOsmMap(lonR = c(-74.02132, -73.98622), latR = c(40.69983, 


    40.72595), scale = 20000, destfile = "MyTile.png", 


    format = "png", RETURNIMAGE = TRUE, GRAYSCALE = FALSE, 


    NEWMAP = TRUE, verbose = 1, ...)

Arguments

Value

map structure or URL used to download the tile.

Note

The OSM maptile server is frequently too busy to accomodate every request, so patience is warranted.

Author(s)

Markus Loecher

Examples

if (0) {


 	CologneMap <- GetOsmMap(lonR= c(6.89, 7.09), latR = c(50.87, 51), scale = 150000, 


                            destfile = "Cologne.png");


	PlotOnStaticMap(CologneMap, mar=rep(4,4), NEWMAP = FALSE, TrueProj = FALSE, axes= TRUE);


		


	PrincetonMap <- GetOsmMap(lonR= c(-74.67102, -74.63943), latR = c(40.33804,40.3556), 


                             scale = 12500, destfile = "Princeton.png");


	png("PrincetonWithAxes.png", 1004, 732)


      PlotOnStaticMap(PrincetonMap, axes = TRUE, mar = rep(4,4));


    dev.off()


 }

identify points by clicking on map

Description

The user can try to identify lat/lon pairs on the map by clicking on them

Usage

IdentifyPoints(MyMap, n = 1, verbose = 0)

Arguments

Value

the lat/lon coordinates of the chosen points are returned

Author(s)

Markus Loecher

Examples

#The first step naturally will be to download a static map from the Google server. A simple example:





 #identifiy points:


 #IdentifyPoints(MyMap,5)

computes the coordinate transformation from lat/lon to map tile coordinates

Description

The function LatLon2XY(lat,lon,zoom) computes the coordinate transformation from lat/lon to map tile coordinates given a zoom level.

It returns the tile coordinates as well as the pixel coordinates within the Tile itself.

Usage

LatLon2XY(lat, lon, zoom)

Arguments

Value

A list with values

Note

The fractional part times 256 is the pixel coordinate within the Tile itself.

Author(s)

Markus Loecher

Examples

LatLon2XY(38.45, -122.375, 11)

computes the centered coordinate transformation from lat/lon to map tile coordinates

Description

The function LatLon2XY.centered(MyMap, lat,lon,zoom) computes the coordinate transformation from lat/lon to map tile coordinates given a map object.

Usage

LatLon2XY.centered(MyMap, lat, lon, zoom)

Arguments

Value

properly scaled and centered (with respect to the center of MyMap ) coordinates

Author(s)

Markus Loecher

See Also

LatLon2XY Tile2R

get static Map from the Google server

Description

get static Map from the Google server

Usage

MapBackground(lat, lon, destfile, NEWMAP = TRUE, myTile, 

    zoom = NULL, size = c(640, 640), GRAYSCALE = FALSE, 

    mar = c(0, 0, 0, 0), PLOT = FALSE, verbose = 1, 

    ...)

Arguments

Value

list containing the map tile

Author(s)

Markus Loecher

computes the maximum zoom level which will contain the given lat/lon range

Description

computes the maximum zoom level which will contain the given lat/lon range

Usage

MaxZoom(latrange, lonrange, size = c(640, 640))

Arguments

Value

zoom level

Author(s)

Markus Loecher

Upstate New York Leukemia Data

Description

Census tract level (n=281) leukemia data for the 8 counties in upstate New York from 1978-1982, paired with population data from the 1980 census.

Usage

data(NYleukemia)

Format

List with 5 items:

Source

http://www.sph.emory.edu/~lwaller/ch4index.htm

References

Turnbull, B. W. et al (1990) Monitoring for clusters of disease: application to leukemia incidence in upstate New York American Journal of Epidemiology, 132, 136–143

Examples

if (0) {
data(NYleukemia)
  population <- NYleukemia$data$population
  cases <- NYleukemia$data$cases
  mapNY <- GetMap(center=c(lon=-76.00365, lat=42.67456), destfile = "NYstate.png",
  maptype = "mobile", zoom=9)
  ColorMap(100*cases/population, mapNY, NYleukemia$spatial.polygon, add = FALSE,
  alpha = 0.35, log = TRUE, location = "topleft")
 }

computes the necessary number of tiles from a bounding box and a zoom level

Description

computes the necessary number of tiles from a bounding box and a zoom level

Usage

NumTiles(lonR, latR, zoom = 13, CheckExistingFiles = TRUE, 


    tileExt = ".png", tileDir = "~/mapTiles/OSM/", 


    verbose = 0)

Arguments

Value

tuple with number of tiles for lon and lat extent

Author(s)

Markus Loecher

Examples

if (0){


  #US bounding box:


  for (zoom in 4:15) {


    cat("OSM, zoom =", zoom, "\n")


    NumTiles(lonR=c(-135,-66), latR=c(25,54) , zoom=zoom)


  }


  for (zoom in 4:15) {


    cat("Google, zoom =", zoom, "\n")


    NumTiles(lonR=c(-135,-66), latR=c(25,54) , zoom=zoom, tileDir= "~/mapTiles/Google/")


  }


}

plots arrows or segments on map

Description

This function plots/overlays arrows or segments on a map.

Usage

PlotArrowsOnStaticMap(MyMap, lat0, lon0, lat1 = lat0, 


    lon1 = lon0, TrueProj = TRUE, FUN = arrows, add = FALSE, 


    verbose = 0, ...)

Arguments

Value

return value of FUN

Author(s)

Markus Loecher

See Also

PlotOnStaticMap arrows

Examples

if (0){


  	MyMap <- GetMap(center=c(lat=40.7,lon=-74), zoom=11)


	PlotArrowsOnStaticMap(MyMap, lat0=40.69, lon0=-73.9, lat1=40.71, lon1=-74.1, col = 'red')   


}

plots on map tiles by "stitching" them together

Description

Counterpart to PlotOnStaticMap for map tiles

Usage

PlotOnMapTiles(mt, lat, lon, center, size = c(768, 


    768), add = FALSE, FUN = points, mar = c(0, 0, 


    0, 0), verbose = 0, ...)

Arguments

Value

nothing returned

Author(s)

Markus Loecher

Examples

if (0){


  lat = c(40.702147,40.718217,40.711614);


  lon = c(-74.012318,-74.015794,-73.998284);


  center = c(mean(lat), mean(lon));


  zoom <- min(MaxZoom(range(lat), range(lon)));


  bb=qbbox(lat,lon)


  


  manhattan_osm = GetMapTiles(latR =bb$latR , lonR=bb$lonR,zoom=zoom,verbose=1)


  PlotOnMapTiles(manhattan_osm,lat=lat,lon=lon,pch=20,col=c('red', 'blue', 'green'),cex=2)


  


  manhattan_goo = GetMapTiles(latR =bb$latR , lonR=bb$lonR,zoom=zoom,


                   tileDir= TRUE, type="google" )


  PlotOnMapTiles(manhattan_goo,lat=lat,lon=lon,pch=20,col=c('red', 'blue', 'green'),cex=2)


  


}

overlays plot on background image of map tile

Description

This function is the workhorse of the package RgoogleMaps. It overlays plot on background image of map tile

Usage

PlotOnStaticMap(MyMap, lat, lon, destfile, zoom = NULL, 


    size, GRAYSCALE = FALSE, add = FALSE, FUN = points, 


    mar = c(0, 0, 0, 0), NEWMAP = TRUE, TrueProj = TRUE, 


    axes = FALSE, atX = NULL, atY = NULL, verbose = 0, 


    ...)

Arguments

Value

the map object is returned via invisible(MyMap)

Author(s)

Markus Loecher

Examples

#The first step naturally will be to download a static map from the Google server. A simple example:





  if (0){


    lat = c(40.702147,40.711614,40.718217);


    lon = c(-74.015794,-74.012318,-73.998284);


    center = c(mean(lat), mean(lon));


    zoom <- min(MaxZoom(range(lat), range(lon)));


    #this overhead is taken care of implicitly by GetMap.bbox();              


    MyMap <- GetMap(center=center, zoom=zoom,markers = paste0("&markers=color:blue|label:S|",


             "40.702147,-74.015794&markers=color:green|label:G|40.711614,-74.012318&markers=",


             "color:red|color:red|label:C|40.718217,-73.998284"), destfile = "MyTile1.png");


                   


     tmp <- PlotOnStaticMap(MyMap, lat = lat, 


                            lon = lon, 


                            destfile = "MyTile1.png", cex=1.5,pch=20,


                            col=c('red', 'blue', 'green'), add=FALSE);


     #and add lines:


     PlotOnStaticMap(MyMap, lat = c(40.702147,40.711614,40.718217), 


                     lon = c(-74.015794,-74.012318,-73.998284), 


                     lwd=1.5,col=c('red', 'blue', 'green'), FUN = lines, add=TRUE)


     	


  }

plots polygons on map

Description

This function plots/overlays polygons on a map. Typically, the polygons originate from a shapefile.

Usage

PlotPolysOnStaticMap(MyMap, polys, col, border = NULL, 

    lwd = 0.25, verbose = 0, add = TRUE, textInPolys = NULL, 

    ...)

Arguments

Author(s)

Markus Loecher

See Also

PlotOnStaticMap mypolygon

Examples

if (0){

  #require(PBSmapping);
  shpFile <- paste(system.file(package = "RgoogleMaps"), "/shapes/bg11_d00.shp", sep = "")
  #shpFile <- system.file('bg11_d00.shp', package = "RgoogleMaps");
  
  shp=PBSmapping::importShapefile(shpFile,projection="LL");
  bb <- qbbox(lat = shp[,"Y"], lon = shp[,"X"]);
  MyMap <- GetMap.bbox(bb$lonR, bb$latR, destfile = "DC.png");
  PlotPolysOnStaticMap(MyMap, shp, lwd=.5, col = rgb(0.25,0.25,0.25,0.025), add = F);
  
  #Try an open street map:

  mapOSM <- GetMap.bbox(bb$lonR, bb$latR, destfile = "DC.png", type="osm");
  PlotPolysOnStaticMap(mapOSM, shp, lwd=.5, col = rgb(0.75,0.25,0.25,0.15), add = F);

  #North Carolina SIDS data set:
  shpFile <- system.file("shapes/sids.shp", package="rgooglemaps");
  shp=PBSmapping::importShapefile(shpFile,projection="LL");
  bb <- qbbox(lat = shp[,"Y"], lon = shp[,"X"]);
  MyMap <- GetMap.bbox(bb$lonR, bb$latR, destfile = "SIDS.png");
  #compute regularized SID rate
  sid <- 100*attr(shp, "PolyData")$SID74/(attr(shp, "PolyData")$BIR74+500)
  b <- as.integer(cut(sid, quantile(sid, seq(0,1,length=8)) ));
  b[is.na(b)] <- 1;
  opal <- col2rgb(grey.colors(7), alpha=TRUE)/255; opal["alpha",] <- 0.2;
  shp[,"col"] <- rgb(0.1,0.1,0.1,0.2);
  for (i in 1:length(b)) 
    shp[shp[,"PID"] == i,"col"] <- rgb(opal[1,b[i]],opal[2,b[i]],opal[3,b[i]],opal[4,b[i]]);
  PlotPolysOnStaticMap(MyMap, shp, lwd=.5, col = shp[,"col"], add = F);
  
  
  #or choose an aspect ratio that corresponds better to North Carolina's elongated shape:
  MyMap <- GetMap.bbox(bb$lonR, bb$latR, destfile = "SIDS.png", size = c(640, 320), zoom = 7);
  PlotPolysOnStaticMap(MyMap, shp, lwd=.5, col = shp[,"col"], add = F);
 }

translates an RGB image matrix to gray scale

Description

This function translates the rgb values of the array myTile into a scalar matrix with just one gray value per pixel.

Usage

RGB2GRAY(myTile)

Arguments

Details

Gray scale intensity defined as 0.30R + 0.59G + 0.11B

Value

image tile

Author(s)

Markus Loecher

Examples

if (0){


  BrooklynLatLon = getGeoCode("Brooklyn")


  mapBrooklyn <- GetMap(center=BrooklynLatLon, destfile = file.path(tempdir(), "Brooklyn.png"), 


                 zoom=11, size = c(240,240))


  mapBrooklynBW$myTile = RGB2GRAY(mapBrooklyn$myTile)


  PlotOnStaticMap(mapBrooklynBW)


}

Read a bitmap image stored in the PNG format

Description

Reads an image from a PNG file/content into a raster array.

Usage

ReadMapTile(destfile, METADATA = TRUE, native = TRUE)

Arguments

Value

map or tile object

Author(s)

Markus Loecher

converts spatial objects as defined in package sp to simpler PBSmapping type dataframes

Description

The PlotPolysOnStaticMap() function currently does not take sp objects directly but instead needs

PBSmapping type data.frames. This function converts sp objects into such.

THANKS TO Fabio Priuli for a major bug fix w.r.t. holes in spatial polygons!

Usage

SpatialToPBS(xy, verbose = 0)

Arguments

Value

list with elements xy = converted object, bb = bounding box, fun = plot function

Author(s)

Markus Loecher

Examples

  if (0) {


    data("NYleukemia", envir = environment())


    population <- NYleukemia$data$population


    cases <- NYleukemia$data$cases


    mapNY <- GetMap(center=c(lat=42.67456,lon=-76.00365), 


                    destfile = file.path(tempdir(),"NYstate.png"), 


                    maptype = "mobile", zoom=9)


    #mapNY=ReadMapTile("NYstate.png")


    clrStuff=ColorMap(100*cases/population, alpha = 0.35, log = TRUE)


    NYpolys = SpatialToPBS(NYleukemia$spatial.polygon)


    PlotPolysOnStaticMap(mapNY, NYpolys$xy, col = clrStuff$colcode, add = FALSE)


    legend("topleft", legend = clrStuff$legend, fill = clrStuff$fill, 


           bg = rgb(0.1,0.1,0.1,0.3))


}


  

plots text on map

Description

TextOnStaticMap draws the strings given in the vector labels at the coordinates given by x and y on a map. y may be missing since xy.coords(x,y) is used for construction of the coordinates.

Usage

TextOnStaticMap(MyMap, lat, lon, labels = seq_along(lat), 


    TrueProj = TRUE, FUN = text, add = FALSE, verbose = 0, 


    ...)

Arguments

Value

return value of FUN

Author(s)

Markus Loecher

Examples

  if (0) {


   lat = c(40.702147,40.718217,40.711614);


    lon = c(-74.012318,-74.015794,-73.998284);


    center = c(mean(lat), mean(lon));


    zoom <- min(MaxZoom(range(lat), range(lon)));


    


   


   MyMap <- GetMap(center=center, zoom=zoom,markers = paste0("&markers=color:blue|label:S|",


            "40.702147,-74.015794&markers=color:green|label:G|40.711614,-74.012318&markers=",


             "color:red|color:red|label:C|40.718217,-73.998284"), destfile = "MyTile1.png");


    TextOnStaticMap(MyMap, lat=40.711614,lon=-74.012318, "Some Text", cex=2, col = 'red')


    


}

simple utility to offset and scale XY coordinates with respect to the center

Description

simple utility to offset and scale XY coordinates with respect to the center

Usage

Tile2R(points, center)

Arguments

Details

mainly used for shrinking the size of a tile to the minimum size.

Value

list with X and Y pixel values

Author(s)

Markus Loecher

Examples

latR <- c(34.5,34.9);


 lonR <- c(-100.3, -100);


 lat.center <- 34.7;


 lon.center <- -100.2;


 zoom = 10;


 ll <- LatLon2XY(latR[1], lonR[1], zoom);#lower left corner


 ur <- LatLon2XY(latR[2], lonR[2], zoom );#upper right corner


 cr <- LatLon2XY(lat.center, lon.center, zoom );#center


 ll.Rcoords <- Tile2R(ll, cr);


 ur.Rcoords <- Tile2R(ur, cr);

computes the centered coordinate transformation from lat/lon to map tile coordinates

Description

The function XY2LatLon(MyMap, X,Y,zoom) computes the coordinate transformation from map tile coordinates to lat/lon given a map object.

Usage

XY2LatLon(MyMap, X, Y, zoom)

Arguments

Value

properly scaled and centered (with respect to the center of MyMap ) coordinates

Author(s)

Markus Loecher

See Also

LatLon2XY Tile2R

Examples

#quick test:





  zoom=12;MyMap <- list(40,-120,zoom, url="google", BBOX = list(ll=c(35,-125), ur=c(45,-115)));


  LatLon <- c(lat = 40.0123, lon = -120.0123);


  Rcoords <- LatLon2XY.centered(MyMap,LatLon["lat"],LatLon["lon"])


  newLatLon <- XY2LatLon(MyMap, Rcoords$newX, Rcoords$newY)


  max(abs(newLatLon - LatLon));





#more systematic:


 for (zoom in 2:10){


   cat("zoom: ", zoom, "\n");


   MyMap <- list(40,-120,zoom, url="google", BBOX = list(ll=c(35,-125), ur=c(45,-115)));


   LatLon <- c(lat = runif(1,-80,80), lon = runif(1,-170,170));


   Rcoords <- LatLon2XY.centered(MyMap,LatLon["lat"],LatLon["lon"])


   newLatLon <- XY2LatLon(MyMap, Rcoords$newX, Rcoords$newY)


   if(max(abs(newLatLon - LatLon)) > 0.0001) print(rbind(LatLon, newLatLon));


 }

Columbus OH spatial analysis data set

Description

The columbus data frame has 49 rows and 22 columns. Unit of analysis: 49 neighbourhoods in Columbus, OH, 1980 data. In addition the data set includes a polylist object polys with the boundaries of the neighbourhoods, a matrix of polygon centroids coords, and col.gal.nb, the neighbours list from an original GAL-format file. The matrix bbs is DEPRECATED, but retained for other packages using this data set.

Usage

data(columbus)

Format

This data frame contains the following columns:

AREA

computed by ArcView

PERIMETER

computed by ArcView

COLUMBUS.

internal polygon ID (ignore)

COLUMBUS.I

another internal polygon ID (ignore)

POLYID

yet another polygon ID

NEIG

neighborhood id value (1-49); conforms to id value used in Spatial Econometrics book.

HOVAL

housing value (in $1,000)

INC

household income (in $1,000)

CRIME

residential burglaries and vehicle thefts per thousand households in the neighborhood

OPEN

open space in neighborhood

PLUMB

percentage housing units without plumbing

DISCBD

distance to CBD

X

x coordinate (in arbitrary digitizing units, not polygon coordinates)

Y

y coordinate (in arbitrary digitizing units, not polygon coordinates)

NSA

north-south dummy (North=1)

NSB

north-south dummy (North=1)

EW

east-west dummy (East=1)

CP

core-periphery dummy (Core=1)

THOUS

constant=1,000

NEIGNO

NEIG+1,000, alternative neighborhood id value

Details

The row names of columbus and the region.id attribute of polys are set to columbus$NEIGNO.

Note

All source data files prepared by Luc Anselin, Spatial Analysis Laboratory, Department of Agricultural and Consumer Economics, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign.

Source

Anselin, Luc. 1988. Spatial econometrics: methods and models. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic, Table 12.1 p. 189.

Examples

#library(maptools)
#columbus <- readShapePoly(system.file("etc/shapes/columbus.shp",
# package="spdep")[1])
#col.gal.nb <- read.gal(system.file("etc/weights/columbus.gal",
# package="spdep")[1])

axis with degrees

Description

add an axis with degree labels

Usage

degreeAxis(side, at = NULL, labels, MyMap, ...)

Arguments

Value

axis is plotted on current graph

Note

decimal degrees are used if variation is small, instead of minutes and seconds

Author(s)

Markus Loecher

Examples

xy = cbind(x = 2 * runif(100) - 1, y = 2 * runif(100) - 1)


plot(xy,xlim=c(-1,1),ylim=c(-1,1))


degreeAxis(1)


degreeAxis(2, at = c(-1,-0.5,0,0.5,1))

generates a "static map" from map tiles by "stitching" them together

Description

necssary because the Google static maps API requires a key now

Usage

genStaticMap(center, zoom = 15, size = c(640, 640), 


    destfile = tempfile("staticMap", fileext = ".png"), 


    type = c("google", "google-m", "google-s", "osm", 


        "osm-hot", "stamen-toner", "stamen-terrain", 


        "stamen-watercolor")[1], urlBase = "http://mt1.google.com/vt/lyrs=m", 


    tileDir = "/tmp/", tileExt = ".png", verbose = 0, 


    ...)

Arguments

Value

list with tiles

Author(s)

Markus Loecher

Examples

if (0){


  lat = c(40.702147,40.718217,40.711614);


  lon = c(-74.012318,-74.015794,-73.998284);


  center = c(mean(lat), mean(lon));


  zoom <- min(MaxZoom(range(lat), range(lon)));


  bb=qbbox(lat,lon)


  


  mt = GetMapTiles(latR =bb$latR , lonR=bb$lonR,zoom=zoom,verbose=1)


  PlotOnMapTiles(mt,lat=lat,lon=lon,pch=20,col=c('red', 'blue', 'green'),cex=2)


  


  mt = GetMapTiles(latR =bb$latR , lonR=bb$lonR,zoom=zoom,


                   tileDir= "~/mapTiles/Google/")


  PlotOnMapTiles(mt,lat=lat,lon=lon,pch=20,col=c('red', 'blue', 'green'),cex=2)


  


}

Transform longitude/latiude points to the Mercator projection.

Description

From geosphere::mercator

Usage

geosphere_mercator(p, inverse = FALSE, r = 6378137)

Arguments

Value

Mercator projection of lon/lat points

Author(s)

Markus Loecher

geocoding utility

Description

Geocode your data using, R, JSON and OSM or Google Maps' Geocoding APIs

Usage

getGeoCode(gcStr, API = c("osm", "google")[1], JSON = FALSE, 


    verbose = 0)

Arguments

Value

returns lat/lon for address

Author(s)

Markus Loecher

Examples

if (0){


  getGeoCode("1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, Mountain View, CA")


  getGeoCode("Brooklyn")


  #You can run this on the entire column of a data frame or a data table:


  DF = cbind.data.frame(address=c("Berlin,Germany", "Princeton,NJ", 


            "cadillac+mountain+acadia+national+park"), lat = NA, lon = NA)


  DF <- with(DF, data.frame(address, t(sapply(DF$address, getGeoCode))))


}

San Francisco crime data

Description

The incidents data frame has 5000 rows and 16 columns. These are 5000 random rows from the 2012 crime data recorded in San Francisco.

Usage

data(incidents)

Format

This data frame contains the following columns:

IncidntNum

incident number assigned by the police

Category

Category of crime

Descript

longer description

DayOfWeek

day of week

Date

date

Time

time of day formatted as hh:mm

PdDistrict

police district

Resolution

was the crime resolved?

Location

location as address

lon

longitude

lat

latitude

violent

violent flag

HrOfDay

hour of day as 2-digit integer

TimeOfDay

hour of day as decimal number

HourOfWeek

hour of week as decimal number between 0-168

censusBlock

ID of census block

Details

crime data recorded in San Francisco

Source

URL https://data.sfgov.org/

Examples

data(incidents)
table(incidents$Category)

simple wrapper function to plot colored polygons

Description

same as polygon, execept the value for color is taken from the 1st element of the exra column 'col'

Usage

mypolygon(x, ...)

Arguments

Author(s)

Markus Loecher

compute the bounding box of an OpenStreetmap tile

Description

inspired by osmtile from the package OpenStreetmap

returns the Mercator projection bounding box

Usage

osmtile_bbox(x = 61, y = 41, zoom = 7, minim = -20037508)

Arguments

Value

bounding box, Mercator projection

Author(s)

Markus Loecher

Pennsylvania Lung Cancer

Description

County-level (n=67) population/case data for lung cancer in Pennsylvania in 2002, stratified on race (white vs non-white), gender and age (Under 40, 40-59, 60-69 and 70+). Additionally, county-specific smoking rates.

Usage

data(pennLC)

Format

List of 3 items:

Source

Population data was obtained from the 2000 decennial census, lung cancer and smoking data were obtained from the Pennsylvania Department of Health website: http://www.dsf.health.state.pa.us/

See Also

NYleukemia

Examples

data(pennLC)
#pennLC$geo
#pennLC$data
#pennLC$smoking

# Map smoking rates in Pennsylvania
#mapvariable(pennLC$smoking[,2], pennLC$spatial.polygon)

plots OSM map tiles

Description

places tiles on plot

Usage

plotOSM(mt, upperLeft, lowerRight, lat, lon, add = FALSE, 

    removeMargin = TRUE, verbose = 0, ...)

Arguments

Value

returns map object invisibly

Author(s)

Markus Loecher

plots a single OSM tile

Description

Adds tile to plot

Usage

plotOSMtile(osmtile, zoom, add = TRUE, raster = TRUE, 

    verbose = 0, ...)

Arguments

Value

returns nothing

Author(s)

Markus Loecher

easy to use wrapper function

Description

note the similarity in name to PBSmapping::plotMap

This function is the workhorse of the package RgoogleMaps. It overlays plot on background image of map tile.

Usage

plotmap(lat, lon, map, zoom = NULL, API = c("google", 


    "OSM", "bing", "google2")[1], maptype = c("roadmap", 


    "mobile", "satellite", "terrain", "hybrid", "mapmaker-roadmap", 


    "mapmaker-hybrid")[2], destfile, data, alpha = 1, 


    col = 1, apiKey = NULL, verbose = 0, ...)

Arguments

Author(s)

Markus Loecher

Examples

if (0){


  #####################Google maps#############################


  mapBG1 = plotmap("Brandenburg Gate, Berlin", zoom = 15)





  #####################bing maps#############################


  


  #for bing maps you will need your own API key, 


  #sign up at https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ff428642.aspx


  apiKey = scan("bingAPIkey.txt",what="")


  mapBG2 = plotmap("Brandenburg Gate, Berlin", zoom = 15, API = "bing", apiKey=apiKey)


  


  latlon <- cbind.data.frame(lat = c(38.898648,38.889112, 38.880940), 


                              lon = c(-77.037692, -77.050273, -77.03660));


  


  


  map3 = plotmap(lat = latlon$lat, lon = latlon$lon, API = "bing", apiKey=apiKey,


                 col = "purple", pch="X",cex=1.5)


  


  


  #####################OSM maps#############################


  map4 = plotmap(lat = latlon$lat, lon = latlon$lon, API = "OSM", zoom=15,


                 col = "purple", pch="X",cex=1.5)


}

computes bounding box

Description

The function qbbox computes a bounding box for the given lat,lon

points with a few additional options such as quantile boxes, additional margins, etc.

Usage

qbbox(lat, lon, TYPE = c("all", "quantile")[1], margin = list(m = c(1, 

    1, 1, 1), TYPE = c("perc", "abs")[1]), q.lat = c(0.1, 

    0.9), q.lon = c(0.1, 0.9), verbose = 0)

Arguments

Value

Author(s)

Markus Loecher

Examples

lat = 37.85 + rnorm(100, sd=0.001);

lon = -120.47 + rnorm(100, sd=0.001);

#add a few outliers:

lat[1:5] <- lat[1:5] + rnorm(5, sd =.01);

lon[1:5] <- lon[1:5] + rnorm(5, sd =.01);



#range, discarding the upper and lower 10% of the data

qbbox(lat, lon, TYPE = "quantile");

#full range:

qbbox(lat, lon, TYPE = "all");

#add a 10% extra margin on all four sides:

qbbox(lat, lon, margin = list(m = c(10, 10, 10, 10), TYPE = c("perc", "abs")[1]));

 

computes bounding box

Description

The function sp_bbox computes a bounding box; it was copied from the sp package bbox function

Usage

sp_bbox(obj)

Arguments

Value

two-column matrix; the first column has the minimum, the second the maximum values; rows represent the spatial dimensions

Author(s)

Roger Bivand

Examples

# just 9 points on a grid:
x <- c(1,1,1,2,2,2,3,3,3)
y <- c(1,2,3,1,2,3,1,2,3)
xy <- cbind(x,y)

sp_bbox(xy)

Updates the 'usr' coordinates in the current plot.

Description

For a traditional graphics plot this function will update the 'usr'

coordinates by transforming a pair of points from the current usr

coordinates to those specified.

Usage

updateusr(x1, y1 = NULL, x2, y2 = NULL)

Arguments

Details

Sometimes graphs (in the traditional graphing scheme) end up with usr

coordinates different from expected for adding to the plot (for

example barplot does not center the bars at integers). This

function will take 2 points in the current 'usr' coordinates and the

desired 'usr' coordinates of the 2 points and transform the user

coordinates to make this happen. The updating only shifts and scales

the coordinates, it does not do any rotation or warping transforms.

If x1 and y1 are lists or matricies and x2 and

y2 are not specified, then x1 is taken to be the

coordinates in the current system and y1 is the coordinates in

the new system.

Currently you need to give the function exactly 2 points in each

system. The 2 points cannot have the same x values or y values in

either system.

Value

An invisible list with the previous 'usr' coordinates from par.

Note

Currently you need to give coordinates for exactly 2 points without

missing values. Future versions of the function will allow missing

values or multiple points.

Note by Markus Loecher: both the source and the documentations were copied from the package TeachingDemos version 2.3

Author(s)

Markus Loecher

Examples

tmp <- barplot(1:4)


updateusr(tmp[1:2], 0:1, 1:2, 0:1)


lines(1:4, c(1,3,2,2), lwd=3, type='b',col='red')





# update the y-axis to put a reference distribution line in the bottom


# quarter





tmp <- rnorm(100)


hist(tmp)


tmp2 <- par('usr')


xx <- seq(min(tmp), max(tmp), length.out=250)


yy <- dnorm(xx, mean(tmp), sd(tmp))


updateusr( tmp2[1:2], tmp2[3:4], tmp2[1:2], c(0, max(yy)*4) )


lines(xx,yy)