#Load BIOMASS and datasets Install BIOMASS (to be done once)

install.packages("BIOMASS")

Load the package

require(BIOMASS)
require(knitr) # To build tables in this document

Load the two datasets stored in the package

data(KarnatakaForest)
str(KarnatakaForest)
## 'data.frame':    65889 obs. of  8 variables:
##  $ plotId : chr  "BSP1" "BSP1" "BSP1" "BSP1" ...
##  $ treeId : chr  "BSP1_1" "BSP1_2" "BSP1_3" "BSP1_4" ...
##  $ family : chr  "Fabaceae" "Fabaceae" "Fabaceae" "Fabaceae" ...
##  $ genus  : chr  "Acacia" "Acacia" "Acacia" "Acacia" ...
##  $ species: chr  "sinuata" "sinuata" "sinuata" "sinuata" ...
##  $ D      : num  3.82 4.14 4.14 4.46 4.46 ...
##  $ lat    : num  14.4 14.4 14.4 14.4 14.4 ...
##  $ long   : num  74.9 74.9 74.9 74.9 74.9 ...
#
data(NouraguesHD)
str(NouraguesHD)
## 'data.frame':    1051 obs. of  7 variables:
##  $ plotId : chr  "Plot1" "Plot1" "Plot1" "Plot1" ...
##  $ genus  : chr  "indet" "Qualea" "Dicorynia" "Protium" ...
##  $ species: chr  "indet" "rosea" "guianensis" "cf_guianense" ...
##  $ D      : num  11.5 11.6 83.9 15 36.8 13.5 17.8 17.8 15.9 17.8 ...
##  $ H      : num  12 16 40 18 27 20 24 21 22 24 ...
##  $ lat    : num  4.07 4.07 4.07 4.07 4.07 ...
##  $ long   : num  -52.7 -52.7 -52.7 -52.7 -52.7 ...

Select 10 plots for illustrative purpose

selecPlot <- KarnatakaForest$plotId %in% c("BSP2", "BSP12", "BSP14", "BSP26", "BSP28", "BSP30", "BSP34", "BSP44", "BSP63", "BSP65")
KarnatakaForestsub <- droplevels(KarnatakaForest[selecPlot, ])

#Retrieve wood density ##Check and retrieve taxonomy First, check for any typo in the taxonomy

Taxo <- correctTaxo(genus = KarnatakaForestsub$genus, species = KarnatakaForestsub$species, useCache = FALSE, verbose = FALSE)
## Using useCache=TRUE is recommended to reduce online search time for the next research
KarnatakaForestsub$genusCorr <- Taxo$genusCorrected
KarnatakaForestsub$speciesCorr <- Taxo$speciesCorrected

If needed, retrieve APG III families and orders from genus names

APG <- getTaxonomy(KarnatakaForestsub$genusCorr, findOrder = TRUE)
KarnatakaForestsub$familyAPG <- APG$family
KarnatakaForestsub$orderAPG <- APG$order

0.1 Wood density

Retrieve wood density using the plot level average if no genus level information is available

dataWD <- getWoodDensity(
  genus = KarnatakaForestsub$genusCorr,
  species = KarnatakaForestsub$speciesCorr,
  stand = KarnatakaForestsub$plotId
)
## The reference dataset contains 16467 wood density values
## Your taxonomic table contains 196 taxa

The same but using the family average and adding other wood density values as references (here invented for the example)

LocalWoodDensity <- data.frame(
  genus = c("Ziziphus", "Terminalia", "Garcinia"),
  species = c("oenopolia", "bellirica", "indica"),
  wd = c(0.65, 0.72, 0.65)
)

dataWD <- getWoodDensity(
  genus = KarnatakaForestsub$genusCorr,
  species = KarnatakaForestsub$speciesCorr,
  family = KarnatakaForestsub$familyAPG,
  stand = KarnatakaForestsub$plotID,
  addWoodDensityData = LocalWoodDensity
)
## The reference dataset contains 16470 wood density values
## Your taxonomic table contains 196 taxa

Below the number of wood density value estimated at the species, genus and plot level:

# At species level
sum(dataWD$levelWD == "species")
## [1] 2409
# At genus level
sum(dataWD$levelWD == "genus")
## [1] 2963
# At plot level
sum(!dataWD$levelWD %in% c("genus", "species"))
## [1] 394

#Build height-diameter models

You may compare different models at once

result <- modelHD(
  D = NouraguesHD$D,
  H = NouraguesHD$H,
  useWeight = TRUE
)
## To build a HD model you must use the parameter 'method' in this function

kable(result)
method color RSE RSElog Average_bias
log1 blue 4.305059 0.2231136 0.0042275
log2 green 4.222718 0.2215495 0.0031217
weibull orange 4.307951 NA 0.0028240
michaelis purple 4.294488 NA 0.0145642

Compute the local H-D model with the lowest RSE

HDmodel <- modelHD(
  D = NouraguesHD$D,
  H = NouraguesHD$H,
  method = "log2",
  useWeight = TRUE
)

Compute models specific to given stands

HDmodelPerPlot <- modelHD(
  D = NouraguesHD$D, H = NouraguesHD$H, method = "weibull",
  useWeight = TRUE, plot = NouraguesHD$plotId
)
## Warning in par(oldpar): appel de par(new=TRUE) sans graphe
ResHD <- t(sapply(HDmodelPerPlot, function(x) c(coef(x$model), RSE = x$RSE)))
kable(ResHD, row.names = TRUE, digits = 3)
a b c RSE
Plot1 43.673 29.629 0.987 4.503
Plot2 372.449 47726.829 0.367 3.866

1 Retrieve height data

Retrieve height data from a local Height-diameter model (Note that using a HD model built on French guianan trees for Indian trees is only for illustrative purpose here)

dataHlocal <- retrieveH(
  D = KarnatakaForestsub$D,
  model = HDmodel
)

Retrieve height data from a Feldpaush et al. (2012) averaged model

dataHfeld <- retrieveH(
  D = KarnatakaForestsub$D,
  region = "SEAsia"
)

Retrieve height data from Chave et al. (2012) equation 6

dataHchave <- retrieveH(
  D = KarnatakaForestsub$D,
  coord = KarnatakaForestsub[, c("long", "lat")]
)

2 Estimate AGB

Organize data

KarnatakaForestsub$WD <- dataWD$meanWD
KarnatakaForestsub$H <- dataHlocal$H
KarnatakaForestsub$Hfeld <- dataHfeld$H

Compute AGB(Mg) per tree

AGBtree <- computeAGB(
  D = KarnatakaForestsub$D,
  WD = KarnatakaForestsub$WD,
  H = KarnatakaForestsub$H
)

Compute AGB(Mg) per plot (need to be divided by plot area to get Mg/ha)

AGBplot <- summaryByPlot(AGBtree, KarnatakaForestsub$plotId)

Compute AGB(Mg) per tree without height information (Eq. 7 from Chave et al. (2014))

AGBplotChave <- summaryByPlot(
  computeAGB(
    D = KarnatakaForestsub$D, WD = KarnatakaForestsub$WD,
    coord = KarnatakaForestsub[, c("long", "lat")]
  ),
  KarnatakaForestsub$plotId
)

Compute AGB(Mg) per tree with Feldpausch et al. (2012) regional H-D model

AGBplotFeld <- summaryByPlot(
  computeAGB(
    D = KarnatakaForestsub$D, WD = KarnatakaForestsub$WD,
    H = KarnatakaForestsub$Hfeld
  ),
  plot = KarnatakaForestsub$plotId
)

3 Propagate AGB errors

Organize data

KarnatakaForestsub$sdWD <- dataWD$sdWD
KarnatakaForestsub$HfeldRSE <- dataHfeld$RSE

Propagate error for all tree at once using the local HD model constructed above (modelHD), i.e. non-independent allometric errors will be assigned to all trees at each iteration, independently of plots.

resultMC <- AGBmonteCarlo(D = KarnatakaForestsub$D, WD = KarnatakaForestsub$WD, errWD = KarnatakaForestsub$sdWD, HDmodel = HDmodel, Dpropag = "chave2004")
Res <- summaryByPlot(resultMC$AGB_simu, KarnatakaForestsub$plotId)
Res <- Res[order(Res$AGB), ]
plot(Res$AGB, pch = 20, xlab = "Plots", ylab = "AGB", ylim = c(0, max(Res$Cred_97.5)), las = 1, cex.lab = 1.3)
segments(seq(nrow(Res)), Res$Cred_2.5, seq(nrow(Res)), Res$Cred_97.5, col = "red")

Using the Feldpaush regional HD averaged model (code only given)

resultMC <- AGBmonteCarlo(
  D = KarnatakaForestsub$D,
  WD = KarnatakaForestsub$WD,
  errWD = KarnatakaForestsub$sdWD,
  H = KarnatakaForestsub$Hfeld,
  errH = KarnatakaForestsub$HfeldRSE,
  Dpropag = "chave2004"
)

Res <- summaryByPlot(resultMC$AGB_simu, KarnatakaForestsub$plotId)
Res <- Res[order(Res$AGB), ]
plot(Res$AGB, pch = 20, xlab = "Plots", ylab = "AGB", ylim = c(0, max(Res$Cred_97.5)), las = 1, cex.lab = 1.3)
segments(seq(nrow(Res)), Res$Cred_2.5, seq(nrow(Res)), Res$Cred_97.5, col = "red")

Per plot using the Chave et al. (2014) Equation 7 (code only given)

resultMC <- AGBmonteCarlo(
  D = KarnatakaForestsub$D,
  WD = KarnatakaForestsub$WD,
  errWD = KarnatakaForestsub$sdWD,
  coord = KarnatakaForestsub[, c("long", "lat")],
  Dpropag = "chave2004"
)
Res <- summaryByPlot(resultMC$AGB_simu, KarnatakaForestsub$plotId)
Res <- Res[order(Res$AGB), ]
plot(Res$AGB, pch = 20, xlab = "Plots", ylab = "AGB", ylim = c(0, max(Res$Cred_97.5)), las = 1, cex.lab = 1.3)
segments(seq(nrow(Res)), Res$Cred_2.5, seq(nrow(Res)), Res$Cred_97.5, col = "red")

4 Some tricks

##Mixing measured and estimated height values If you want to use a mix of directly-measured height and of estimated ones, you may do the following steps.

  1. Build a vector of H and RSE where we assume an error of 0.5 m on directly measured trees
NouraguesHD$Hmix <- NouraguesHD$H
NouraguesHD$RSEmix <- 0.5
filt <- is.na(NouraguesHD$Hmix)
NouraguesHD$Hmix[filt] <- retrieveH(NouraguesHD$D, model = HDmodel)$H[filt]
NouraguesHD$RSEmix[filt] <- HDmodel$RSE
  1. Apply the AGBmonteCarlo by setting the height values and their errors (which depend on whether the tree was directly measured or estimated)
wd <- getWoodDensity(NouraguesHD$genus, NouraguesHD$species)
resultMC <- AGBmonteCarlo(
  D = NouraguesHD$D, WD = wd$meanWD, errWD = wd$sdWD,
  H = NouraguesHD$Hmix, errH = NouraguesHD$RSEmix,
  Dpropag = "chave2004"
)
Res <- summaryByPlot(resultMC$AGB_simu, NouraguesHD$plotId)
Res <- Res[order(Res$AGB), ]
plot(Res$AGB, pch = 20, xlab = "Plots", ylab = "AGB (Mg/ha)", ylim = c(0, max(Res$Cred_97.5)), las = 1, cex.lab = 1.3)
segments(1:nrow(Res), Res$Cred_2.5, 1:nrow(Res), Res$Cred_97.5, col = "red")

##Add your tricks Please contact Maxime () if you would like to add here a code that may be useful for users (code authorship will be respected)